learn english 2019

We don't usually use an article to talk about things in general:- Inflation  is rising. People  are worried about rising crime. (Note! People generally, so no article) You do not use an article when talking about sports. For example : My son plays  football. Tennis  is expensive. You do not use an article before uncountable nouns when talking about them generally. For example : Information  is important to any organisation. Coffee  is bad for you. You do not use an article before the names of countries  except  where they indicate multiple areas or contain the following words: state(s), kingdom, republic, union... For example : No article - Italy, Mexico, Bolivia, England Use the -  the  UK (United  Kingdom ),  the  USA (United  States  of America),  the  Irish  Republic Multiple areas!  the  Netherlands,  the  Philippines,  the  British Isle s

You use  the  when you have already mentioned the thing you are talking about. For example : "She's got two children;  a  girl and  a  boy.  The  girl's eight and  the  boy's fourteen." We use  the  to talk about geographical points on the globe. For example : the  North Pole,  the  equator We use  the  to talk about rivers, oceans and seas For example : the  Nile,  the  Pacific,  the  English channel We also use  the  before certain nouns when we know there is only one of a particular thing. For example : the  rain,  the  sun,  the  wind,  the  world,  the  earth,  the  White House etc.. However if you want to describe a particular instance of these you should use a/an. For example : "I could hear  the  wind." / "There's  a  cold wind blowing." "What are your plans for  the  future?" / "She has  a  promising future ahead of her." The  is also used to say that a particular person or thing being mentioned is the best, mos

First the good news:There are only three articles in English:  a, an  and  the . There are two  types  of articles  indefinite 'a '  and ' a n'  or  definite 'the' .  You also need to know when not to use an article. The bad news is that their proper use is complex, especially when you get into the advanced use of English. Quite often you have to work it out by what  sounds  right, which can be frustrating for a learner. INDEFINITE ARTICLES - A AND AN   ( DETERMINERS ) A  and  an  are the indefinite articles. They refer to something not specifically known to the person you are communicating with. A  and  an  are used before nouns that introduce something or someone you have not mentioned before:- For example "I saw   an   elephant this morning."   "I ate  a  banana for lunch." A  and  an  are also used when talking about your profession:- For example "I am   an   English teacher."   "I am  a  builder." You use  a  when the

Some adverbs tell us when something happened or will happen. These include: afterwards, later, now, soon, yesterday etc. For example:- Yesterday  all my troubles seemed so far away.  - In this sentence  yesterday  shows us when the singers troubles seemed so far away.. Other adverbs of time include:- Time Example Saturday, Sunday ... I am going to the shops on Monday. Today I've been to the shops today. Yesterday I went yesterday. Next week/month/year I am going next week. Last week/month/year I went last year. Finally I finally went. Eventually I eventually went to the shops. Already I've already been to the shops. Soon I'm going to the shops soon. Just I'm just going to the shops. Still I'm still at the shops. Superlative form of Adverbs The superlative form of an adverb is used to say what thing or person does something to the greater degree within a group or of its kind. Superlatives can be preceded by ' the '. In general the superlative forms of adverbs

Some adverbs tell us how an action is or should be performed. Often these adverbs are formed by adding  -ly  to the end of an adjective. Adjectives ending  -l  add  -ly  ; careful-carefully. Adjectives ending  -y  change to  -ily  ; lucky-luckily Adjectives ending  -ble  change to  -bly  ; responsible-responsibly adjective adverb anxious anxiously bad badly beautiful beautifully capable capably lucky luckily quick quickly weak weakly For example: The little girl ran  quickly .  In this sentence  quickly  modifies the verb  ran (to run) . Adverbs of Place Adverbs of place indicate where something happens. These include; abroad, anywhere, here, outside, somewhere, there, underground, upstairs etc. For example: My passport is  here  in my bag. Place Example Upstairs The children were playing upstairs. In London The people demonstrated in London. Outside The children were playing outside. Adverbs of Probability Adverbs of probability tell us the likelihood of something happening. If you im

Adverbs of frequency tell us how often something is done. Adverbs of frequency include; always, constantly, continually, frequently, infrequently, intermittently, normally, occasionally, often, periodically, rarely, regularly, seldom, sometimes etc. For example: I  always  do my homework on time.   - In this sentence   always   shows us the frequency (how often) I do my homework on time. She goes out  occasionally .  - In this sentence  occasionally  shows us the frequency (how often) she goes out. Most frequent always constantly nearly always almost always usually generally normally regularly often frequently sometimes periodically occasionally now and then once in a while rarely seldom infrequently hardly ever scarcely ever almost never Least frequent never Adverbs of frequency appear between the subject and the verb in a sentence:- For example: I   always   update   the calendar at the beginning of the month. Poetria   often   takes  notes during the Skype sessions. Adverbs of frequ

Adverbs of Degree Adverbs of degree tell us the strength or intensity of something that happens. Many adverbs are gradable, that is, we can intensify them. Basically they answer the sort of question that asks How much ...? or How little...? Adverbs of degree include; adequately, almost, entirely, extremely, greatly, highly, hugely, immensely, moderately, partially, perfectly, practically, profoundly, strongly, totally, tremendously, very, virtually etc. For example:- The man drove badly . =   The man drove  really  badly. -   In this sentence   really  shows us just how badly he drove. They enjoyed the film. = They enjoyed the film  immensely. -  In this sentence  immensely  shows us how much they enjoyed the film. These intensifiers are not gradable though, you cannot say  The man drove extremely very badly. Adverbs of Duration Adverbs of duration tell us how long something happened. They include; briefly, forever, long, shortly, permanantly, temporarily etc. For example: "They w

Adverbs can tell you where, when, how, why and to what extent something happens. There are several different classes of adverb (see above). They are often formed from adjectives or nouns by adding the suffix -ly. For example: Quick becomes quickly, sudden becomes suddenly, intelligent becomes intelligently. To form an adverb from adjectives ending in  -y  change the  y  to  i  before adding the - ly . For example: angry becomes angrily, busy becomes busily. To form an adverb from adjectives ending in  -e  drop the - e  before adding the - ly . For example: feeble becomes feebly, true becomes truly. Some adjectives ending in  -ly  need no changes. For example: heavenly. However there are exceptions. For example: sly becomes slyly, shy becomes shyly. Some adverbs do not end in -ly. For example: fast, hard, straight. Adjective Pretty Serious Fast Quiet Example She was a pretty girl. He was a serious boy. It was a fast car. They were quiet children. Adverb Prettily Seriously Fast Quietly E